For those who do not know, Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the anus and lower rectum. The condition is also referred to as piles and is similar to varicose veins. How do they develop? They form inside the rectum (known as internal hemorrhoids). External hemorrhoids develop under the skin around the anus.
People who are experiencing rectal bleeding because of hemorrhoids (and experiencing hemorrhoid pain as well) believe that they have limited treatment options. Recently, however, a new method has been discovered: Hemorrhoidal artery embolization.
Those suffering from bleeding due to internal hemorrhoids can undergo hemorrhoid artery embolization. The method is a minimally invasive procedure that offers a compelling alternative to other traditional methods.
The treatment procedure uses a specialized embolization technology that targets problematic vessels. Success rates have been high in preventing further bleeding and alleviating symptoms, too. Hence, patients have many better treatment options available.
Understanding Hemorrhoid Artery Embolization (HAE) – What is it?
Hemorrhoid Artery Embolization (HAE) is a method of treating hemorrhoids. Physicians inject a special embolization solution into an artery, either in the groin area or the wrist. This helps block the swollen blood vessels in the rear passage and further prevents hemorrhoids from bleeding.
The procedure is a minimally invasive method. Physicians and surgeons only need to make a small cut to conduct the procedure. The technique is performed under local anesthetic (meaning the patient will be awake). But patients won’t feel a thing.
Also, during the procedure, patients will have a dye injected that is visible on the X-ray machine. It ensures the embolization solution is injected in the right place at the right time.
The method is now performed across the European Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. Numerous hospitals in these three places are offering it. It is alternatively referred to as Superior Rectal Artery Embolization (SRAE).
Required tests before SRAE – what are they?
The physician will plan numerous tests to assess the patient’s condition thoroughly. To determine whether the HAE procedure should be conducted, they will also evaluate the location and severity of the hemorrhoids. It is also required to rule out other causes of symptoms. Here are some tests needed before the procedure:
- Colonoscopy.
- A CT or MRI Scan.
- Digital Rectal Exam.
Key features of Hemorrhoid Artery Embolization
Here are some salient features of the hemorrhoid embolization procedure. It helps curtail hemorrhoids in a less invasive manner:
The Procedure is Minimally Invasive
The method is conducted via a tiny puncture in the skin (typically in the groin or wrist). This helps physicians and surgeons avoid large incisions or direct manipulation of the hemorrhoidal tissue. Moreover, it also helps reduce pain and scarring, which helps improve the patient’s recovery time.
Advanced Imaging Guidance is used
An interventional radiologist will make use of fluoroscopy along with other imaging methods to guide a catheter into the arteries supplying blood to the hemorrhoids. Tiny embolic particles are injected afterwards to help reduce the blood flow. This helps reduce the hemorrhoidal tissue.
It Reduces the Risk of Complications
HAE has lower risks of infection, damage to surrounding tissues, or bleeding, compared to hemorrhoidectomy (a surgical method).
Patients are Discharged the Same Day
HAE is a minimally invasive procedure. Thus, most patients are discharged on the same day.
Minimal Pain
Traditional surgical approaches may cause pain to an extent (especially post-operative pain). HAE is managed with over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers thanks to its minimally invasive nature.
Patients Recover Quickly
Most patients experience relief from symptoms within days. They eventually return to a routine in seven days. There are also cases when patients return to work the next day.
Anal Anatomy is Preserved
HAE prevents direct removal or cutting of hemorrhoidal tissue. It preserves the natural anal anatomy of humans that further aids in reducing the risk of incontinence, scarring, or both.
It is Ideal for those Seeking Non-Surgical Treatment
Individuals seeking non-surgical treatment for hemorrhoids are in luck. HAE is a top-notch option for those who cannot opt for traditional surgical procedures due to health conditions. Those seeking a non-invasive alternative are also in luck.
High Rates of Patient Satisfaction
Patients who underwent HAE have reported significant symptom relief and improvements in quality of life by large margins. They have also reported minimal discomfort with zero downtime, resulting in higher rates of patient satisfaction.
In what ways is HAE advantageous over other treatment methods?
HAE provides patients with unique advantages when it comes to treating hemorrhoids. Minimal invasive procedures benefit patients and the healthcare system compared to traditional surgical methods.
This way the hemorrhoid embolization cost is reduced. Patients also receive maximum satisfaction due to quick recovery and the least amount of post-surgery complications. Here are some key advantages of opting for non-invasive superior rectal artery embolization:
- It is a non-surgical procedure that needs no cutting or incisions. It is hence painless and promotes quick healing.
- Being minimally invasive by nature, it only requires a small puncture that does not involve any scars. It also causes less bleeding.
- Patients are discharged quickly as it is an outpatient procedure.
- The procedure can remove large hemorrhoids effectively.
- It addresses underlying vascular issues by reducing the arterial blood flow.
- It also reduces their recurrence compared to traditional surgical options.
Eligibility for Hemorrhoid Artery Embolization – who are the patients for this procedure?
An individual requires a HAE if they have any of the following conditions:
How is the procedure conducted?
Most hospitals and medical facilities conduct the procedure using fluoroscopy and angiography to target the blood supply to the hemorrhoids with precision. Here is how doctors and surgeons conduct it:
- Local anesthesia and mild sedation are used to help patients feel comfortable.
- A small puncture in either the wrist or groin area is created. Then, a tiny catheter is inserted into the superior rectal artery.
- Microparticles are injected into the artery to reduce blood flow to the hemorrhoid tissue.
- With time, the hemorrhoids shrink, and the symptoms show signs of improvement.
What can patients expect after the procedure?
A majority of patients experience symptom relief in the long term. This also helps reduce the rate of recurrence compared to conventional treatments. Here is what patients can expect after HAE:
- Substantial reduction in bleeding within time.
- Reduced discomfort in comparison to surgical treatments.
- The hemorrhoidal tissues reduce gradually within a few weeks.
- Patients return to daily life quickly.
Risks Associated with Hemorrhoid Artery Embolization
Although HAE carries lower risks of complications, minor risks exist with it. One of the most common ones is post-embolization syndrome, which causes low-grade fever and local irritation. They are resolved within a few days.
Here are the remaining complications that are rare but can happen:
- Mild bleeding.
- Temporary Pain.
- Injury to Tissues.
The Post-Procedure Process
Patients enter a quick recovery phase once the HAE is complete. It is necessary to follow the instructions of the healthcare team carefully. Mild pain can happen but is manageable using OTC analgesics. However, consulting with the physician is essential if the pain worsens.
Taking prescribed medicines on time raises the success of the procedure and reduces its side effects too. Here are some ways to help support recovery:
- Pain Management: Using OTC pain relievers as prescribed or required.
- Following the Medications: Take all prescribed medications at the proper dosage and intervals.
- Adjusting the Diet: This involves incorporating fiber-rich foods into the diet and increasing water intake.
- Maintaining adequate hygiene: Patients must keep the anal area clean and use a warm sitz bath for comfort.
- Physical activity is a must: Doctors approve of light walking.
- Follow-up appointments: Regular checkups are needed to check progress and address any potential complications.
Over to You
Hemorrhoid Artery Embolization is a painless procedure that helps reduce hemorrhoids. Being a minimally invasive procedure by nature, it is known to help reduce the incidence of the condition by a substantial margin. Yet the treatment should be taken on the advice of a qualified physician, as minor risks are part of the procedure.
