The Causes and Effects of Exophytic Fibroid

While many women are familiar with the term fibroids, they often lack a clear understanding of the different types and how they manifest. Broadly, all symptomatic fibroids usually cause heavy bleeding and pain. Other symptoms depend on the location within the uterus. Fibroids can either present within the wall of the uterus or protrude outward from the wall.

Exophytic fibroids, as the name indicates, are a type of uterine fibroid that grows outward from the uterine wall. Fibroids that grow within the wall are called intramural fibroids. They can further be classified based on their location.

If an exophytic lesion is present outside the uterine wall, protruding into the pelvic cavity, it is termed as subserosal fibroids. An exophytic nodule growing within the cavity of the uterus from the uterine wall is called submucosal fibroids.

Causes of Exophytic Fibroids:

The exact cause of uterine exophytic fibroids is unknown. Many factors can contribute to its development.

Genetics: A family history of fibroids increases the likelihood of developing them. Genetic factors may play a role in the susceptibility to their growth.

Hormones: Estrogen and progesterone are the hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle. They have a great influence on fibroid growth. They tend to grow during reproductive years when hormone levels are higher.

Pregnancy: Pregnancy hormones can stimulate the growth of fibroids. However, some women may experience a reduction in fibroid size after giving birth.

Race and Ethnicity: Studies suggest that African-American women are more likely to develop fibroids and may experience them at a younger age. The reasons for this racial disparity are not entirely clear.

Symptoms of Exophytic Fibroids:

Menstrual Changes: Exophytic fibroids, like other types of fibroids, can lead to heavier or prolonged menstrual periods. This can result in anemia and fatigue.

Pelvic Pain and Pressure: Fibroids can cause pelvic pain and pressure, especially if they become large or press against other organs. This can lead to discomfort and a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen.

Backache or Leg Pains: In some cases, fibroids can press on nerves, causing back pain or leg pains.

Urinary Symptoms: Fibroids can put pressure on the bladder, leading to increased frequency of urination or difficulty emptying the bladder.

Constipation or Rectal Pressure: Fibroids that press on the rectum may cause constipation or a feeling of rectal pressure.

Infertility or Pregnancy Complications: Most women with fibroids can conceive and carry a pregnancy to term, but sometimes exophytic fibroids can cause fertility issues in some cases. Additionally, they may contribute to complications during pregnancy, such as a higher likelihood of requiring a cesarean section.

Impact on Quality of Life: The symptoms associated with exophytic fibroids can significantly affect a woman’s quality of life. She may have issues with performing daily activities and engaging in regular social and work-related functions.

It’s important to note that not all fibroids cause symptoms, and their impact can vary widely from person to person. Treatment options may range from medications to surgical procedures, depending on the severity of symptoms and the individual’s reproductive goals.

The conventional method of treating fibroids commonly used here is myomectomy or hysterectomy. Hysterectomy is a procedure in which the uterus is removed from the body. While in some conditions it may be necessary, this should not become the standard treatment option. The uterus should be saved regardless of the family status.

For this purpose, Dr. Imtiaz Ahmed introduced an advanced technology called uterine artery embolization in Pakistan. This procedure is based on the principles of minimally invasive technology. Dr. Imtiaz Ahmed is an expert interventional radiologist and an endovascular surgeon with extensive experience in treating fibroids via uterine artery embolization.

The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia. The patient remains awake but may be sedated to relax. The doctor inserts a thin tube (catheter) through a small incision, usually in the groin area, and thread it up to the uterine arteries. Small particles, often made of plastic or gelatin, are then injected through the catheter into the uterine arteries. These particles block the blood flow to the fibroids, causing them to shrink.

The entire procedure takes less than an hour in expert hands. The additional benefits of this procedure, other than saving the uterus, include quick recovery, significant symptom improvement, and an escape from the hassles of major surgery.

For more information on uterine artery embolization email us at at info@drimtiazahmad.com. Follow us on Instagram @Profdr_imtiaz_ahmad for daily updates.